RESUMO
This study sought to describe the experience of Brazil and the United States in relation to COVID-19 morbidity and mortality data according to race/skin color/ethnicity. Toward this end, it seeks to describe the factors involved in the treatment and dissemination of the morbimortality data for this pathology in the two countries. The analysis includes epidemiological bulletins released by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, partial results from Brazil's National Household Survey (PNAD) for COVID-19 collected by the Brazilian Institutes of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), and state-of-the-art health data about the impact of the pandemic in the United States, from the perspective of race/skin color/ethnicity. Despite the low quality of health information on the COVID-19 morbidity and mortality of the black population, the results corroborate racial inequities in health for COVID-19, confirming the existence of structural and institutional racism in both countries. This article highlights the need to qualify data about race/skin color/ethnicity, by relating them to age, place of residence, type of residence, access to basic sanitation, and occupation, among other social determinants, that impact how individuals become ill and die from COVID-19, in order to enact strategies and public policies that truly promote equity.
Este estudo objetivou descrever a experiência do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos em relação aos dados de morbimortalidade por COVID-19, segundo a raça/cor/etnia. Para isto, procurou-se descrever os fatores envolvidos no tratamento e divulgação dos dados de morbimortalidade por esta patologia nos dois países. Foram analisados boletins epidemiológicos divulgados pelo Ministério da Saúde, resultados parciais da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostragem de Domicílio (PNAD) COVID-19 realizada pelo IBGE no Brasil e o estado da arte em saúde sobre os impactos da pandemia nos Estados Unidos, sob a perspectiva de raça/cor/etnia. Apesar da baixa qualidade da informação em saúde referente à morbimortalidade da população negra por COVID-19, os resultados desvelam iniquidades raciais em saúde para a COVID-19, ratificando o racismo estrutural/institucional em ambos países. Como contribuição, enfatiza-se a necessidade de qualificar os dados sobre raça/cor/etnia, relacionando-os à idade, local de moradia, tipo de residência, acesso a saneamento básico, ocupação, dentre outros determinantes sociais, que sabidamente impactam no modo de adoecer e morrer pela COVID-19, a fim de viabilizar estratégias e políticas públicas verdadeiramente promotoras da equidade.
RESUMO
In this study, we explore men's perceptions, experiences, and attitudes toward wives experiencing natural menopause. We interviewed 20 men using the oral history method. Descriptive categories of experiences, such as misconceptions about menopause overcome through coexistence and recognition of women's perspectives; recognition of women's needs and efforts to provide support; coping with changes in marital relations and need to start a new time in couple's life; and existence of several needs as husbands of women experiencing menopause were explored. A better understanding by men about the changes experienced by menopausal women fosters the development of a better emotional support for their wives, which improves the quality of marital relations.
